Mount Elgon, an extinct volcano on the border of Uganda and Kenya, is one of the oldest and largest solitary mountains in the world. It was once Africa's highest mountain, but erosion has reduced its height to 4,321 meters, making it the fourth highest peak in East Africa.

The mountain is home to diverse ecosystems, including montane forests, bamboo zones, and afro-alpine moorlands, supporting a variety of wildlife. It's also a crucial water catchment area, feeding several major rivers.

Mount Elgon has significant cultural importance to local communities like the Sabaots and Sabiny. The mountain's unique features, such as its caldera and caves, attract hikers and nature enthusiasts. It's a vital natural resource, recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve for its ecological and cultural significance.